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Using Flash in Low Light


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If by "external" you mean in the flash shoe but not built-in, then most camera lines have flash units with automatic exposure. It's a plug-and-play operation. You need to read the manuals, of course. An off-camera or remote flash is another matter.

 

You will probably want to use manual focus. Auto focus may not work or tend to hunt in low light. Some flash units have a red light to assist (auto) focus.

 

There are various schemes whereby a remote flash can be used in an auto exposure mode, such as the Nikon CLS system. There is also an infrared transmitter, RU-800, which mounts on the camera and transmits exposure data to the remote Nikon flash. You can also connect the remote flash with a TTL-compatible cable. Most other remotes trigger the flash without any auto exposure capability.

 

Another (and frequently best) way is to set everything in manual mode and use a flash meter or trial and error to determine the exposure.

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Try a medium aperture-5.6, or 8-and use the depth of field scale on the lens to figure the distance/focus. If the lens has no DOF scale, look up a DOF table in a magazine, or book, and use that. Cover the flash, to diffuse(soften) it, or you'll get a stark 'zombies from Nuremberg' look. Be sure to get within 5 or 10 feet of the subject.
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