CD-4 and CD-3 what's the difference?

[e_kawaguchi]

Hello all.<BR>

I recently began C41 process for color negatives of 120 and 4X5 sizes,

making color developer for myself using CD-4. <BR>The result was

almost successful. Then I tried pseudo E-6 process for KODAK EPR and

FUJI RDP III;<BR><BR>

1. first develope - exact E-6 formularated developer refered to in my

dark room book (extremely DENSE! formulate compared to B&W developer)

and time is the exact minutes instructed.<BR>

2. reverse - 200W electric-bulb light for about 3 minutes<BR>

3. color develope - the same one as I use in C-41 process (containing

CD-4) for 1.2-1.5 times longer minutes than in normal C-41 process<BR>

4 BL and FIX - the same as in C-41<BR><BR>

 

This results in farely satisfactory positive images for first trial;

colors seem

almost normal and normal exposure is gained. CD-4 works fine much more

than expected. I attach an image (EPR) from this pseudo E-6

process.<BR>

However I can't get rid of thought that I may be blined from

something.<BR>

I am wondering if stepping up to normal E-6 color developer (with CD-

3 containd and other complexed chemicals ) promises the more

satisfactory results I get from professinoal labs.

What the difference between CD-4 and CD-3 and how much they differs?

<BR><BR>

 

Any advise is appreciated. (also I apogize for my poor English skills)<div></div>

[rowland_mowrey]

CD3 and CD4 produce different dyes with different hues and saturation. The E6 color developer is very much different than the C41 color developer even taking into consideration the differences between CD3 and CD4.

 

Most of the published formulas that I have seen for E6 and C41 are incorrect. You are lucky you got a usable image at all.

 

Ron Mowrey

[discpad]

I would recommend buying the Kodak or Fuji-Hunt color developer, as that is where much of the "secret sauce" seems to be hidden. The amount of money you pay for it is small compared to the cost of the film.

 

Also, I would suggest using a chemical reversal bath, as it is more consistent than using light reversal, especially for roll film on a reel. Using chemical reversal also helps prevent reticulation (which is physical damage to the emulsion because of wide temperature changes) as you go from 100F in the first wash down to 70F room temperature for the re-exposure, then back up again to 100F for the color developer bath.

 

As I just mentioned in this thread

http://www.photo.net/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=00FsRE

reversal bath and pre-bleach is so inexpensive that it does not pay to replenish; in other words, just use it once and flush.

 

Also, even though Ron is a bit more pessimistic than me, I am glad to find that there are still hobbyists out there willing to experiment with color film developing! :)

[rowland_mowrey]

Just for your information, the C41 developer produces dyes intended for viewing by print materials, whereas the E6 process produces dyes intended for viewing by the human eye. Therefore the peak absorption and half band widths of the dyes produced by the two developing agents differ.

 

In addition, the E6 first and color developers are what might be termed the color equivalents of High Acutance or High Solvent developers to eke out the highest sharpness at the lowest grain, while the C41 developer is a relatively low acutance developer which relies on the contents of the film itself (DIR couplers for example) to improve sharpness and grain.

 

Ron Mowrey

[e_kawaguchi]

Ron, thank you for responses. So it can be said CD-4 produces dyes ideal for print paper to be exposed whereas CD-3 dyes that is to be seen directly by human eyes. Is that correct?<BR><BR>

 

Highest acutance and finest grain-that seems difficult to realize in B&W formulas. High acutance devloper like Beutler formula loses some grain.

My 1st devloper formula has 30g hydoroquinon and 2g phenidone that means about ten times density than usual B&W developer formula, as well as it is instructed to process 30 degree at 15 minutes. Those

formula, temp, time might be said crazy if it were for B&W negatives.

Things are much different.

Oh sure, I noticed my C-41 images have less sharpness.<BR><BR>

 

DAN, I once tried in vain to find out some dealer in my country

which sells genuine Kodak or Fuji developer. Furtheremore, there some amateuer kit used to be sold for E6 process like TETENAL but at this time all have been discontinued. Such kits only remains for C41 and color paper but rather expensive. Some incidents since 11 years ago

have made our society sensitive for chemicals and major shops (like

Yodobashi camera or Big camera, do you know?) are unwilling to deal with those product. That tendency seems to be enhanced by less demand for films as digital cameras dominates the market.

Oh I wish I could taste 'secret sauce'.<BR><BR>

 

The first reason for beginning C41 developing by myself is lab's

developing price is high for sheet films (about $3 per sheet). I could get many color nagetive films in 4X5 for very cheap, then that problem came. Since I have confidence in me at C41 I will usually develope color negatives at my house. Besides I also be aware of

AMAZING color positives I had in this experience.

Though this experiment just falls within 'psedo E6' but now I feel I can proceed to regular E6 process. I think it is worth to be done and

very significant to me.

[terence_spross1]

Ron - <i>Most of the published formulas that I have seen for E6 and C41 are incorrect</i>

 

Is there a site where the results of various C41 and/or E6 formula are compared? Are the real C41 / E6 formulas published anywhere? I didn't find anything at the University of Rochester library. I plan on trying the Rochester Institute of Technology Library next where I found a detailed Kodak spec on E4 years ago. I want to mix up a batch of C41 soon but don't want to waste my time on compromised formula. More complicated or longer lists of chemicals don't scare me, although cost is a factor. I want to develop C41 in an accurate single developer first and then experiment with a two bath developer for the purpose of controling contrast as in a two bath B&W developer. I also have a large amount of Kodak 5247 that was exposed long ago that is very important to me and I want to cross-process for the purpose of scanning and losing the least amount possible as I know reversal processing for projection could never yeild the best results on expired film.

 

Dan - What is wrong with doing the reexposure on the reel? I have on old Ansco tank that is transparent on the top side and allows me to flood light reverse exposure with the tank cover off but while the film is still submerged in the stop bath. I last did this with a 75 degree B&W reversal process with good results.

 

E Kawaguchi - Are you reverse exposing with the film still in the tank?

[rowland_mowrey]

Kawaguchi san;

 

Joto desu! Yes, you have it right about CD4 and CD3. Also, dye stability will not be correct if you cross develop films for one developer with another.

 

In addition, the E6 developers are what might be termed high acutance due to their use with color materials with high iodide. The HA also works well due to the levels of silver and the way a reversal image is formed. The level of Hydroquinone you mention is wrong. In fact, E6 does NOT use hydroquinone in the first developer - surprise surprise.... It also uses several other ingredients which are either missing or changed in most formulas.

 

Terence;

 

The closest formulas I ever saw were published in the old Darkroom Techniques magazine about 10 years ago. There were some comparisons then with several different 3rd party kits as well IIRC, but the one I recall was for C41.

 

Basically, the published E6 formulas are pretty far out, but the C41 formulas are rather a bit closer. The C41 chemistry is disclosed in several EK patents. It has few ingredients that are unusual or exotic, but the E6 chemistry has a lot of exotic stuff in it in both developers, the pre-bleach and etc. Some of the E6 chemistry is either hard to get or very expensive!

 

I gather you are in Rochester, so you can probably call me on the phone.

 

Ron Mowrey

[e_kawaguchi]

>Terence Spross When I do reverse exposure, I get the film out of the reel, then after exposing, I set it back to the reel. It's somawhat a mess and take time up to ten minute's, but at this time I

want to make it for sure. However, someone in my country do this as just the film putting inside the reel in water, lighting by 500W bulb,

leaving it for ten minutes, then gets the same result.

 

According to my darkroom book Kodak never ever disclose the genuine C41 formula, but for business labs dealing major quantity, KODAK leaves

a formula called 'C-42'. The formula is mostly consisted of our usual

B&W chemicals, except hydoroqusylamin? (NH2OH)2 H2SO4 and KODAK anti carcium NO4.

[rowland_mowrey]

You are referring to the sulfuric acid salt of hydroxyl amine. There are several chemical companies in Japan (assuming that is where you are) and many in the US that sell it.

 

The other chemical is similar to quadrofos which is a sequestering agent.

 

Ron Mowrey

[e_kawaguchi]

>Rowland Mowrey

 

E6 does not use hydroquinone? Hmm what a mystery. Ah I have to say that my book means hydroquinone-mono-sulfate (maybe not the exact term)but someone says it's equivalent of usual hydroquinone.

I observe this seems to contribute to form hard tone images on films

like when we enlarging on paper.

[rowland_mowrey]

Hydroquinone monosulfonate and hydroquinone are not the same chemical nor do they have the same activity.

 

E6 uses HQ-mono sulfonate. It is used at a very high level as it is much less active than HQ itself. It is used to get some of the HA effects in the first developer.

 

Ron Mowrey

[rowland_mowrey]

If you put 50 g/l of HQ into your first developer, you are lucky you got any reversal image at all. That is way way out of line. That probably should have been 50 g/l of HQ-monosulfonate. IDK for sure, I would have to look that up somewhere.

 

Ron Mowrey

[discpad]

Kawaguchi-San wrote "I once tried in vain to find out some dealer in my country which sells genuine Kodak or Fuji developer. Furtheremore, there some amateuer kit used to be sold for E6 process like TETENAL but at this time all have been discontinued. Such kits only remains for C41 and color paper but rather expensive."

 

 

I'm really surprised that you cannot buy C-41 chemistry: The commercial labs have to buy it from SOMEWHERE!

 

That being said, I'll be heading up to New York in the next couple days to get some chemistry & other photo stuff, so if you want I can pick you up a 5 gallon (19 liter) Kodak color developer package

http://www.adorama.com/KKFCDR5G.html

which is all of $26.50, and send it to you. Figure on it weighing about 8-10 pounds, packed in a spill-proof shipping container. I'll even pour off a small amount of C-41 starter from the bottle in my darkroom and put in the box as well.

[e_kawaguchi]

DAN-SAN, I am impressed how kind your are.

Genuine KODAK C41 develoer is available (though seller unwilling to sell) and E6 NOT available here in Japan.

I am interested in E6 developer ADORAMA sells.

I am sending you an E-mail.

 

(Due to my inadequate expression please let me say again developer

availablitity here in Japan as long as I know

 

E6 process kit for personal uses

- KODAK&FUJI genuine is NOT available

- Third Party (as TETENAL) NOT available

 

C41 process

- KODAK (flexi?) available

- Third party available (just one provider, expensive 1L kit for 25USD)

 

RA paper process

- Both KODAK and FUJI available (expensive!)

- Third party available (expensive!)

[stefan_lange]

Here is my E-6 formular, which does have maybe minor bugs into, but this one works quite well. I posted it a few days ago, but this seems to be a good place, to do it again. I frequently reached this (and similar threads) when searching information about homebrewing. This receipt does produce definitly useable slides !! The First Developer is more on the soft side, really good for Skin tones. Color saturation and overall contrast is wonderful (for my eyes), if desired increase the ammount of Phenidone up to 0.6 till 0.9 g/Ltr. If you have acces to Dimezone S take 0.8g/L for this "soft" version or 1.3g/L till 1.4g/L instead for a more energic version. Please use these delicate soloutions as single use Developers.

 

--------------------------------------------------

 

Warm prewash 2 x 1 min at 38?C ( this is important, I'v made bad experiencies with insufficient dry prewarm steps)

 

 

First Developer:

 

Tab Water 750 ml

 

Calgon 2.0 g

 

Sodium sulphite, anhydrous 28 g

 

Potassium carbonate, anhydrous 14.0 g

 

Sodium bicarbonate 12.0 g

 

Phenidone 0.5 g (solve it in 10 ml of warm glycol)

 

Hydroquinonemonosulphate 22 g (works well, perhaps less is possible)

 

Sodium bromide 2.6 g

 

Sodium thiocyanate 1.0 g

 

 

Sodium hydroxide 10% solution 25ml

 

 

 

Potassium iodide, 0.1 per cent solution 4.5 ml

 

 

Water to 1.0 litre

pH 9,6

 

FD time 6:15 till 6:45

 

------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

Next stop the film with 4% citrinic acid, followd by a 4 min wash. All FD residuals must whashed out !! Than take a (really bright ~500 - 1000 Watt) Lamp for a reversal exposure, each side of the Film for 2 min. (film in transparent Jobo spools)

 

Next put the Film back in it' development Drum, use a warm prewash and start color development for 5:00 min (drum procesing)

 

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Color Developer:

Aqua demin 750ml

 

Calgon 2.0 g (not really necessary)

 

Trisodium phosphate crystals 36.0 g

 

Sodium hydroxide 10% solution 19 ml

 

Sodium sulphite, anhydrous 5.5 g

 

Sodium bromide 0.55 g

 

Potassium iodide 0.1 per cent solution 40 ml (36 -37,5 ml seems to be optimal)

 

Sodium thiocyanate1.0 g

 

Citrazinic acid 0.6 g (you may leave it out, if higher contrast is desired)

 

CD3 10.5 g

 

Water to 1 litre

pH 11,9-12,1

 

----------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

 

Stop the development again, rinse, than use seperate bleach and fix soloutions for best results. 8 min final wash, 1 min stabilizer.

 

 

-------------------------------------------------------

 

The CD is VERY pH dependent, if your slides do have a color shift on the magenta,red - cyan,green color axis look at he Jobo e6 handbook, and correct the ph with small ammounts of NAOH or H2SO4 soulutions (10 %).

Color shifts on the yellow blue axis can be corrected by adaptiting the iodide potion (in small ammounts)in the FD. This is not very common, but can be done...

 

Look out for Kodak E6 manual Z6 and the Jobo E6 handbook for further informatins. But be aware, Kodak and Jobo do have a different terminolgy and use different soulutions.

 

Hope this helps bit.

 

Regards,

Stefan