<p>Following advice from various sources I used to always use a filter with B&W film -- yellow as standard, and red and orange for more dramatic effects. However, the filters made me lose at least stop of light, which wasn't worth it for the yellow filter as it seemed only to make a minimal impact on the photo. Recently I have dropped the yellow filter, and any extra punch of contrast that I need I add when printing or in Lightroom. For the red filter, however, the effect is much greater and can't be simulated after the fact (as far as I know). Out and about on the street I don't think filters are much help, which might be contrary to conventional wisdom. For landscapes and planned portraits, however, they can be very nice. </p>