Rollei TLR 6x6 Cameras
A User's Review by Doug Hughes; created 1999
All Right. You've put together a pretty complete 35mm set-up. You built it
slowly, learning the strengths and limitations of each lens before buying another
one. You got a solid tripod and head. You shoot Velvia and Delta 100. You use a
lens hood, cable release and mirror lock-up. You've read "The Negative" and
everything by John Shaw. You're pretty satisfied with your results. Then it
happens - you see a 20"x20" enlargement that blows you away. It's big, it's
sharp, it's beautiful - It's Medium Format...
While your (pick one - Parent/Spouse/Bank Manager) was pretty understanding
about your $500 autofocus SLR, and the Macro lens made a good birthday present,
there is no way that you are going to slip a 'Blad or even a Pentax 67 in
unnoticed. And you're lugging around a ton of gear already. What you need is a
camera that makes big negatives, has a sharp lens, doesn't weigh much, and won't
blow the budget. What you need is a Rollei TLR .
Summary: Only one lens - but what a lens it is.
Two Lenses actually - one for viewing, one for taking - but only one really
matters. Zeiss or Schneider, Planar or Tessar - some magical names. Can you can
live within the constraint of a single focal length? If you are not afraid of
using the "shoeleather zoom", there are some significant advantages to the TLR
design. It's extremely quiet, there is no mirror shake, the finder does not black
out during exposure, and the leaf shutter synchs at all speeds. While you cannot
view depth of field at your shooting aperture, the optical effect of the viewing
lens (as opposed to a rangefinder) assists in visualizing what is in and out of
focus. By switching filters between the viewing and taking lenses, you can see
their effect. With over the 75 years of TLR production, Rollei has produced a
fairly comprehensive set of accessories including close up lenses,
interchangeable finders and screens, grips, filters, sheet film backs, etc.
Rollei TLR's use 120 (and sometimes 220) film to produce an image of just
under 6cm square. There are a variety of models on the used market today, from
Rolleicords of the 50's to the latest 2.8 GX (also available new at B&H for
$3,550, but that's another story...). Prices run from $150 for user 'cords to
upwards of $1000 for a clean, late 2.8F.
Technical Details
- Rolleicord Va
- Rolleiflex 2.8F
- Rolleinar 90 degree prism
- Rollei pistol grip
- Rolleinar close up lenses
The Rolleicord Va was a 50's economy version of the Rolleiflex (in
other words, the N50 of it's day). It has no meter, the finder is fixed (the
later Vb has a removable finder), and it only takes 120 film. It's very light -
about the same as my Nikon FE2 and 50 f1.4. The lens is a 4 element, f3.5 Zeiss
Tessar or Schneider Xenar - no match for the Planar, but stopped down to f8 it is
capable of producing outstanding results. There is a built-in leaf shutter with
speeds of 1 second to 1/500, and B. Both the taking and viewing lenses have the
Rollei Bay 1 bayonet for mounting accessories. The shutter speed and aperture are
controlled by levers around the taking lens. They are locked into one EV setting
- moving the aperture closed one stop slows the shutter speed one stop. Pushing
the aperture lever in releases the lock, allowing the two controls to be used
independently. I am not sure if this is a help or a hindrance - this feature
seemed to come and go on various Rollei models. Shutter and aperture settings are
visible at waist level with a little "wiggling".
Viewing is through the waist level finder with flip up magnifier - it's not
very bright, but no worse than an early 80's 'Blad with 45 degree prism I have
used. Using the magnifier and wearing a baseball cap outdoors (to provide
additional shade) helps significantly. My focusing screen has grid lines and no
split image - I found this combination to be ideal. For landscape shots I use the
hyperfocal principle via DOF markings on the focusing knob (going up one stop for
a safety margin) so the dark finder is not a problem. Parallax compensation is
automatic, with a moving mask under the focusing screen. Another alternative is
to fold down a square panel in the hood to create a open "sports finder" for eye
level use - it's simple, but it works.
Film advance is via a knob, and the shutter needs to be cocked separately.
There's also a cable release socket, double exposure capability, self-timer, and
a flash PC socket with X and M sync.
The Rolleiflex 2.8F was the last of the dinosaurs. It came with or
without a coupled selenium meter. Mine has the meter, which is surprisingly
accurate and can be adjusted 3 stops for filter correction via a dial on the left
side. The finder is removable and the focusing screen interchangeable. Mine takes
120 film, but some models took 220. It is heavier than the 'cord, feels more
solidly built, and the controls are extremely smooth - the 'cord feels much more
substantial than an N50 or a Rebel G, but the 2.8F is in another league. The lens
is a 5 element, f2.8 Zeiss Planar (the Schneider equivalent is the Xenotar),
which unlike the Tessar is outstanding wide open. Like the 'cord there is a
built-in leaf shutter with speeds of 1 second to 1/500, and B. The taking and
viewing lenses have the Rollei Bay III bayonet, for which accessories are larger
and (unfortunately) substantially more expensive. The shutter speed and aperture
are controlled by knobs which fall under your thumbs when cradling the camera -
on my 2.8f they are not linked. Shutter and aperture settings are visible at
waist level through a small window on top of the taking lens.
Viewing is through the waist level finder with flip up magnifier. The screen
in mine had a faint grid as well as a center split image, but I found the split
image to be of little use - it's hopeless at waist level, and if you are using
the magnifier you don't need it. I replaced it with a Beattie Intenscreen (plain
with Grid - $119 from B&H) and the improvement was substantial. Parallax
compensation is automatic, with a moving mask under the focusing screen. A flip
down sports finder is included, with a clever twist - a small glass window is
mounted on the back of the finder, about a half inch below the standard sports
finder window. This shows an upside-down , non-reversed, magnified image of the
focusing screen, via a mirror mounted on the underside of the flip down panel.
This allows you to frame an image, slide your eye down to focus, and then return
your eye to the sports finder to shoot. Sounds a bit cumbersome, but it works.
There's also a cable release socket, self-timer and a flash PC socket with X and
M sync.
Film advance is via a fold out crank - turn 180 degrees to advance, turn back
180 degrees to cock the shutter. There's also a cable release socket, self-timer,
double exposure capability, and a flash PC socket with X and M sync.
I am a big fan of composing on a tripod using the waist level finder, but when
I got the chance to get a Rollie 90 degree prism cheap (20 GBP from a
dealer on Portebello Road!), I couldn't resist. It snaps in place of the waist
level finder on the 2.8F and provides an unreversed view. However, controls that
were so ideally placed at waist level are very awkward at eye level. To make it
work you need the Rollei Pistol grip, which slides onto the base of both
the 'cord and 2.8F with one of the most elegantly designed mounts I have ever
seen. The pistol grip (you can see a picture of both the grip and prism at
B&H) has a trigger activated cable release and flashgun mounting point. I got
mine for 25 GBP - you can hunt around for an old one, or get a new one for $282
(!). You are now set to impersonate a '50's reporter, and if you can grow a third
hand you can probably operate at a pretty good clip - one hand to hold the grip,
one to focus, and one to wind the film (the film advance and focus knobs are on
separate sides of the camera).
For close up work the Rolleinar close up lens sets are available in
three strengths. Each set has two lenses - one for the viewing lens, one for the
taking lens. The viewing lens has a built-in prism which adjusts for parallax,
making handheld parallax-free close-up shots a snap.
I bought a Bay 1 to 52 adapter and now can use all of the filters from my
Nikons on the 'cord. I am still looking for a Bay 3 adapter, but in the meantime
I just hold filters in front of the taking lens. For flash work any tripod socket
mounting bracket will work. Rollei's take a standard cable release.
Useability
This is a very simple camera system, and the lack of interchangeable lenses
and automation allows you to concentrate on composition and lighting. Handheld,
it cradles in the palms of your hands, and the controls fall at your fingers. I
find that shooting at waist level provides a much more stable platform than at
eyelevel. Since it is so small, light, and free of vibration you can use it on a
small tripod (I use a Benbo trekker). You'll have no excuse not to be carrying
one, and most times you'll want it, since the whole object here is improved
quality and you'll be at f8/f11 using ASA 50 film. A compromise is a monopod,
shot at waist level - I've had good luck with this. Another clever feature is
four small "feet" on the base of the camera, which allow it to stand on a flat
surface - I've used this feature more times than I care to admit!
For the price of a Hassy back, you can put together a nice kit consisting of a
Tessar lens TLR, tripod, lens shade, incident meter (I use a Gossen CDS Super
Pilot), small bounce flash (mine is a Vivitar 2500), cable release, close up
lenses 1,2, and 3, polarizer, 81a, red, green, orange and ND grad filters. It
will fit in the smallest of bags and bring home some outstanding images. A Rollei
also makes a good addition to a full 35mm setup - it will fit into the same area
in a bag as a 180 f2.8 lens (something that the much larger Mamiya TLRs, with
their interchangeable lenses, bellows focus, and dual focusing knobs, will not
do).
Fear of Failure
I was a bit apprehensive about buying precision equipment that is older than I
am, and bought both my Rollei's from a large dealer in London (150 GBP for the
'cord, 550 GBP for the 2.8F) for a little bit of "Insurance". However, I have had
zero failures with my Rolleicord over the 3 years I have owned it. The same goes
for my 2.8F over the last year. There is not much to go wrong - no batteries to
go dead, no electronics to fry, no dark slides to lose, and you can't jam the
shutters by taking the lenses off incorrectly (since they don't come off!). I
plan to send them off for a CLA later this year. I suspect they will still be
working long after most newer equipment wears out.
Picture Quality
I would not try and quantify the optical quality of these cameras, but I will
comment on the results they deliver. I had not shot slide film before buying the
'cord, and was amazed when I got my first roll of Velvia back - wow!.
Enlargements up to 20x20 from the 2.8F (and up to 16x16 from the 'cord - I have
not gone bigger) look very sharp and smooth - a substantial improvement over my
Nikon primes used under similar circumstances. Monopod, "leaner", and "feet"
shots down to 1/15 seem rock solid - the lack of mirror shake and leaf shutter
would seem to make this possible. All in all I am very satisfied, and would
recommend this setup to anyone who wants to concentrate on composition and image
quality, and can live with the limitations of a single focal length.
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